As 1916 comes to a close and we welcome 1917, here is a look back at just a few of the main events of the last year. Starting us off was the introduction of conscription in Britain on 27th January. This was due to the drop in number in men volunteering, mixed with the sheer amount the were being injured or killed on a daily basis.
On the 21st February, German soldiers launched a huge attack against French soldiers at Verdun. This was the first time Germany used flamethrowers and storm troops.
By the 19th April President Wilson was publicly calling for Germany to stop their unrestricted u-boat policy with immediate effect. This was because German u-boats were sinking all ships in enemy waters without warning, whether it was war related or civilian.
27th April saw Lord Kitchener asked the United States Of American for their military participation within Europe. Just two days later on the 29th April, British Empire forces surrendered to Turkish forces in Mesopotamia with 13,000 prisoners being captured.
The 31st May till the 1st June saw the Battle of Jutland take place, the largest sea battle so far to take place.
1st July saw the beginning of the battle of the Somme, with an estimated 60,000 British men being injured or killed on the first day alone. This battle would continue all through the summer and well into Autumn/ Winter before it would end.
15th September saw tanks used for the first time, on the Somme battlefield. It wouldn't be until the 18th November that the battle of the Somme comes to an end.
Although by this time there had been many a Zeppelin raid on London, the 28th November saw the first air raid over London carried out by German aeroplanes.
The last main event of the year was on the 7th December when the news was announced that David Lloyd George was replacing Asquith as British Prime Minister. We wait with baited breath to see how he fares in the new year.
Friday 30 December 2016
Thursday 29 December 2016
Christmas 1916
Christmas 1916. Although the nation didn't know it, was slap bang right in the middle of the war. Had they known they were only half way through, I would imagine they would have soon given up. December 1916 was a hard one, both on the front and at home. The soldiers on the front had spent months fighting day and night during the battle of the Somme and had seen the friends injured or killed among them.
The home front was full of shortages, especially from the likes of bread and meat. German naval operations over the previous months had meant that everything seemed to be in short supply and what there was saw a huge price increase almost overnight. To add to this, Europe seemed to be having the worst weather in over thirty years and so you can imagine how low morale was getting.
Telegrams were still arriving each day, they certainly couldn't stop for Christmas. However, what was different was how much more of a greater understanding the home front had. This was due to The Somme film being released in cinemas around the country. It was the first time anything like this had been shown and for women was the first real insight into what war was really like. They now knew that when those telegrams arrived, the chances were that suffering had probably been endured before death.
The home front did try to connect with the front line soldiers, with many people putting together food hampers or knitting scarves and socks to send to the soldiers. Of course, families still sent letters and parcels to their loved ones if they could, but now there was a greater sense of doing there bit.
Christmas was so different then compared to now. Homes didn't have electric and so there were none of the pretty lights we all love to see around. Neither were presents wrapped because that was a waste and could be better used to help the war effort. People didn't expect to get a present either but were grateful if they received one. Remembering this certainly does make you appreciate the things you have got in life and shows the true meaning of Christmas - to be with those you love and cherish memories that are made.
I hope you have all had a lovely Christmas this year. I wanted to end by sharing this poem I read recently by an Australian soldier named Leslie George Rub. In a round about way, he tells you exactly what life was like during Christmas 1916, so I hope you enjoy it!
The home front was full of shortages, especially from the likes of bread and meat. German naval operations over the previous months had meant that everything seemed to be in short supply and what there was saw a huge price increase almost overnight. To add to this, Europe seemed to be having the worst weather in over thirty years and so you can imagine how low morale was getting.
Telegrams were still arriving each day, they certainly couldn't stop for Christmas. However, what was different was how much more of a greater understanding the home front had. This was due to The Somme film being released in cinemas around the country. It was the first time anything like this had been shown and for women was the first real insight into what war was really like. They now knew that when those telegrams arrived, the chances were that suffering had probably been endured before death.
The home front did try to connect with the front line soldiers, with many people putting together food hampers or knitting scarves and socks to send to the soldiers. Of course, families still sent letters and parcels to their loved ones if they could, but now there was a greater sense of doing there bit.
Christmas was so different then compared to now. Homes didn't have electric and so there were none of the pretty lights we all love to see around. Neither were presents wrapped because that was a waste and could be better used to help the war effort. People didn't expect to get a present either but were grateful if they received one. Remembering this certainly does make you appreciate the things you have got in life and shows the true meaning of Christmas - to be with those you love and cherish memories that are made.
I hope you have all had a lovely Christmas this year. I wanted to end by sharing this poem I read recently by an Australian soldier named Leslie George Rub. In a round about way, he tells you exactly what life was like during Christmas 1916, so I hope you enjoy it!
Christmas Day On The Somme
‘Twas Christmas Day on the Somme
The men stood on parade,
The snow laid six feet on the ground
Twas twenty in the shade.
Up spoke the Captain ‘gallant man’,
“Just hear what I’ve to say,
You may not have remembered that
Today is Christmas Day.”
“The General has expressed a wish
This day may be observed,
Today you will only work eight hours,
A rest that’s well deserved.”
“I hope you’ll keep yourselves quite clean
And smart and spruce and nice,
The stream is frozen hard
But a pick will break the ice.”
“All men will get two biscuits each,
I’m sure you’re tired of bread,
I’m sorry there’s no turkey
But there’s Bully Beef instead.”
“The puddings plum have not arrived
But they are on their way,
I’ll guarantee they’ll be in time
To eat next Christmas Day.”
“You’re parcels would have been in time
But I regret to say
The vessel which conveyed them was
Torpedoed on the way.”
“The Quartermaster’s got your rum
But you may get some yet,
Each man will be presented with
A Woodbine cigarette.”
“The Huns have caught us in the rear
And painted France all red,
Pray do not let that trouble you,
Tomorrow you’ll be dead.”
“Now ere you go I will you all
This season of good cheer,
A very happy Christmas and
A prosperous New Year.”
Friday 9 December 2016
Tanks & The First World War: Scheider CA1
Today's post is all about an armoured fighting vehicle that at lot of people refer to as the first French tank, although it never had a turret. It was designed to open passages for the infantry as well as suppressing German machine gun nets with the hope of ending the stalemate on the front line. It looked so unusual and so unlike anything we have seen since because it has a large overhanging nose section that was used to crush through barbed wire. It was armed with a 75mm Hotchkiss machine gun which was usually situated on the right side of the vehicle and could carry a crew of six.
The Scheider CA1 first saw action on 16th April 1917 but its biggest role was during 1918 when they were used not only to halt the German Spring Offensive but to also break the German front in the French Summer Offensive.
Design faults were plentiful in the Scheider CA1, in fact the list seems pretty endless. Poor ventilation, poor vision, inadequate armour and very cramped conditions inside made it unbearable to those who were inside. In addition to this, it had internal petrol tanks which were extremely dangerous, especially during battle. The overhanging nose section also proved to be a failure because it made the mobility bad.
Improved designs were put forward almost straight away but they were never put into production because other, completely new designs were also put forward. When the war came to a close, most of the Scheider CA1's were scrapped due to the bad design, although some were turned into utility vehicles. Having said that, some did put in an appearance in the Spanish civil war, but that was really the last time they were used.
The Scheider CA1 first saw action on 16th April 1917 but its biggest role was during 1918 when they were used not only to halt the German Spring Offensive but to also break the German front in the French Summer Offensive.
Design faults were plentiful in the Scheider CA1, in fact the list seems pretty endless. Poor ventilation, poor vision, inadequate armour and very cramped conditions inside made it unbearable to those who were inside. In addition to this, it had internal petrol tanks which were extremely dangerous, especially during battle. The overhanging nose section also proved to be a failure because it made the mobility bad.
Improved designs were put forward almost straight away but they were never put into production because other, completely new designs were also put forward. When the war came to a close, most of the Scheider CA1's were scrapped due to the bad design, although some were turned into utility vehicles. Having said that, some did put in an appearance in the Spanish civil war, but that was really the last time they were used.
Thursday 8 December 2016
READ ALL ABOUT IT - LLOYD GEORGE BECOMES BRITISH PRIME MINISTER
It is today, on the 8th December 1916, that I announce events which took place yesterday, whereby King George V formally asked David Lloyd George to form a new coalition government, following on from Asquith's resignation on the 5th December.
Born on the 17th January 1863, David Lloyd George has faced a lot of criticism both among his own party and the British public. However, he is highly knowledgeable about what needs to be done to ensure victory and has already set the wheels in motion to do so.
Lloyd George trained as a solicitor in his youth before joining the political world. In 1906, he was announced as President Of The Board Of Trade, while just two years later becoming Chancellor Of The Exchequer. It was here that he started to change the lives of the working class. He created and pushed though parliament the Old Age Pensions Act, to ensure people too old to work would still have an income.
In 1911, Lloyd George put through the 1911 National Insurance Act, a form of health insurance scheme, allowing free medical attentions & medicine to workers.
David Lloyd George recently became Minister Of Munitions in 1915, increasing production of much needed weapons after last years shell crisis.
It has been said that he is already shaking things up in parliament, with talk of a daily meeting instead of a weekly one so that everything can be discussed each day. We will report on this story as soon as we have anymore information and we wish David Lloyd George the best of luck as Prime Minister.
Born on the 17th January 1863, David Lloyd George has faced a lot of criticism both among his own party and the British public. However, he is highly knowledgeable about what needs to be done to ensure victory and has already set the wheels in motion to do so.
Lloyd George trained as a solicitor in his youth before joining the political world. In 1906, he was announced as President Of The Board Of Trade, while just two years later becoming Chancellor Of The Exchequer. It was here that he started to change the lives of the working class. He created and pushed though parliament the Old Age Pensions Act, to ensure people too old to work would still have an income.
In 1911, Lloyd George put through the 1911 National Insurance Act, a form of health insurance scheme, allowing free medical attentions & medicine to workers.
David Lloyd George recently became Minister Of Munitions in 1915, increasing production of much needed weapons after last years shell crisis.
It has been said that he is already shaking things up in parliament, with talk of a daily meeting instead of a weekly one so that everything can be discussed each day. We will report on this story as soon as we have anymore information and we wish David Lloyd George the best of luck as Prime Minister.
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